HomeMy WebLinkAbout15-13 Amend Title 9, Add Section 131ORDINANCE NO. 15-13
AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF COSTA MESA,
CALIFORNIA, TO AMEND TITLE 9 OF THE COSTA MESA MUNICIPAL CODE BY
AMENDING SECTIONS 9-116 (ISSUING OFFICER) AND 9-125 (BUSINESSES ETC.
REQUIRING PERMIT) OF ARTICLE I OF CHAPTER II OF TITLE 9 AND TO ADD
SECTION 131 (BUSINESSES WHERE DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIRECTOR MAY
ISSUE PERMIT) OF ARTICLE I OF CHAPTER If OF TITLE 9 AND ARTICLE XXIII
(GROUP HOMES) OF CHAPTER II OF TITLE 9
THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF COSTA MESA MAKES THE
FOLLOWING FINDINGS WITH RESPECT TO THE ADOPTION OF THIS ORDINANCE:
WHEREAS, in enacting this Ordinance the City Council of the City of Costa Mesa
is attempting to strike a balance between the City's and residents' interests of preserving
the characteristics of residential neighborhoods and to provide opportunities for the
handicapped to reside in such neighborhoods that are enjoyed by the non -handicapped;
and
WHEREAS, over the past several years the City, County and State have seen a
significant increase in the number of single- and multi -family homes being utilized as
alcohol and drug recovery facilities for large numbers of individuals (hereafter, "sober
living homes"); and
WHEREAS, the increase appears to be driven in part by the Substance Abuse and
Crime Prevention Act of 2000 (hereafter, "the Act") adopted by California voters which
provides that specified first-time drug and alcohol offenders are to be afforded the
opportunity to receive substance abuse treatment rather than incarceration; and
WHEREAS, the Affordable Care Act has significantly expanded the availability of
health care coverage for substance abuse treatment; and
WHEREAS, the City of Costa Mesa has seen a sharp increase in the number of
sober living homes, which has generated secondary impacts including, but not limited to
neighborhood parking shortfalls, overcrowding, inordinate amounts of second-hand
smoke, and noise; and the clustering of sober living facilities in close proximity to each
other creating near neighborhoods of sober living homes; and
WHEREAS, over the past 20 months from January 2014 to September 2015 the
City experienced an increase of 25.4% in the number of sober living facilities and
residential care facilities in the multiple -family residential zones. Those new facilities
resulted in an increase of 142 -beds, which is a 20.6% increase in beds since January of
2014. As of September 2015 the City had a total of 84 residential facilities, with 831 -
beds to treat drug and alcohol addiction located in its multiple -family residential districts;
and
Ordinance No. 15-13 Page 1 of 10
WHEREAS, currently, in all zones, it is estimated that the City of Costa Mesa is
home to 1586 alcohol and drug recovery beds, divided as follows: 44 licensed residential
facilities/certified alcohol and drug programs in residential zones, providing 411 beds; 107
unlicensed sober living homes in residential zones, providing 600 beds; Included in those
107 homes are 41 homes who have submitted applications per the R1 Ordinance
providing 252 beds; and 1 State Licensed Facility on two separate parcels, providing 76
beds in a non-residential zone; and 40 nonresidential services facilities, providing support
services such as administrative offices, therapy etc.
WHEREAS, the City of Costa Mesa is currently home to almost 28.9% of the state
licensed residential drug and alcohol treatment facilities in Orange County, while the City
holds 3.6% of the County's population, thus it is reasonable to infer that unlicensed sober
living homes are locating in the City at a higher concentration than in nearby communities;
and
WHEREAS, over the last decade the number of sober living homes in the City of
Costa Mesa is rapidly increasing, leading to an overconcentration of sober living homes
in certain of the City's residential neighborhoods, which is both deleterious to the
residential character of these neighborhoods and may also lead to the institutionalization
of such neighborhoods; and
WHEREAS, the number of sober living homes has not increased to the point of
overconcentration in certain Planned Development zones; and
WHEREAS, the purpose of sober living homes is to provide a comfortable living
environment for persons with drug or alcohol addictions in which they remain clean and
sober and can participate in a recovery program in a residential, community environment,
and so that they have the opportunity to reside in the residential neighborhood of their
choice; and
WHEREAS, recovering alcoholics and drug addicts, who are not currently using
alcohol or drugs, are considered handicapped under both the FHAA and FEHA; and
WHEREAS, in 2008, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
projected spending on substance abuse recovery to be $35 billion annually by 2014
(source: Projections of National Expenditures for Mental Health Services and Substance
Abuse Treatment 2004-2014, U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Substance
Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Katharine R. Levit et al., 2008); and
WHEREAS, based on the City's experience it has become clear that at least some
operators of sober living homes are driven more by a motivation to profit rather than to
provide a comfortable living environment in which recovering addicts have a realistic
potential of recovery, or to provide a living environment which remotely resembles the
manner in which the non -disabled use and enjoy a dwelling; and
Ordinance No. 15-13 Page 2 of 10
WHEREAS, sober living homes do not function as a single housekeeping unit for
the following reasons: (1) they house extremely transient populations (programs are
generally about 90 days and as noted, the 2008 UCLA study found that 65-70% of
recovering addicts don't finish their recovery programs); (2) the residents generally have
no established ties to each other when they move in and typically do not mingle with other
neighbors; (3) neighbors generally do not know who or who does not reside in the home;
(4) the residents have little to no say about who lives or doesn't live in the home; (5) the
residents do not generally share expenses; (6) the residents are often responsible for
their own food, laundry and phone; (7) when residents disobey house rules they are often
just kicked out of the house; (8) the residents generally do not share the same
acquaintances; and (9) residents often pay significantly above -market rate rents; and
WHEREAS, the size and makeup of the households in sober living homes, even
those allowed as a matter of right under the Costa Mesa Municipal Code, is dissimilar
and larger than the norm, creating impacts on water, sewer, roads, parking and other City
services that are far greater than the average household, in that the average number of
persons per California household is 2.90 (2.68 persons per household according to the
City's General Plan), while a sober living facility allowed as a matter of right would house
six, which is in the top 5% of households in Orange County according to the most recent
U.S. federal census data; and
WHEREAS, all the individuals residing in a sober living facility are generally over
the age of 18, while the average household has just 2.2 individuals over the age of 18
according to the most recent federal census data; and
WHEREAS, notwithstanding the above, the City Council recognizes that while not
in character with residential neighborhoods, that when operated responsibly, group
homes, including sober living homes, provide a societal benefit by providing the
handicapped the opportunity to live in residential neighborhoods, as well as providing
recovery programs for individuals attempting to overcome their drug and alcohol
addictions, and that therefore providing greater access to residential zones to group
homes, including sober living homes, than to boardinghouses or any other type of group
living provides a benefit to the City and its residents; and
WHEREAS, without some regulation there is no way of ensuring that the
individuals entering into a group home are handicapped individuals and entitled to
reasonable accommodation under local and state law; that a group home is operated
professionally to minimize both the impacts to the surrounding neighborhood as well as
to the residents of the group homes; and that the secondary impacts from over
concentration of both group homes in a neighborhood and large numbers of unrelated
adults residing in a single facility in an individual home are lessened; and
WHEREAS, regulation of the operations of larger group homes in the multi -family
zones pursuant to the business license provisions of Title 9 is necessary to protect the
health, safety, and welfare of the residents of the City, including the residents or
occupants of the group homes themselves; and
Ordinance No. 15-13 Page 3 of 10
WHEREAS, this Ordinance has been reviewed for compliance with the California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), the CEQA guidelines, and the City's environmental
procedures, and has been found to be exempt pursuant to Section 15061 (b)(3) (General
Rule) of the CEQA Guidelines, in that the City Council hereby finds that it can be seen
with certainty that there is no possibility that the passage of this Ordinance will have a
significant effect on the environment.
NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF COSTA MESA
DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS:
Section 1: Sections 9-116 and 9-125 of Article I of Chapter II of Title 9 are amended,
and Section 131 of Article I of Chapter II of Title 9 and Article XXIII of Chapter II of Title 9
are hereby added, to read as follows:
Article I.
9-116. - Issuing officer.
"Issuing officer" shall mean the city council of Costa Mesa, the director of finance, the
fire chief, the chief of police, or the development services director.
9-125. - Businesses, professions, trades and occupations requiring a permit
under the provisions of this chapter.
(q) Group homes, as defined in section 13-6, that have seven (7) or more
occupants.
9-131. - Businesses where the development services director may issue permit.
The development services director may issue permits for operation of a group home
located in the in the R2 -MD, R2 -HD and R3 residential zones and the PDR -LD, PDR -
MD, PDR -HD, PDR -NCM, PDC, AND PDI (Planned Development Zones) Zones
pursuant to the requirements of Article XXIII of this Chapter.
Article XXIII GROUP HOMES
9-370. - Definitions
The definitions set forth in Title 13 of this Code shall apply to the provisions of this
article unless otherwise provided for herein.
Ordinance No. 15-13 Page 4 of 10
9-371. - Zoning requirements.
In addition to the requirements of this article, all group homes subject to this article shall
comply with the requirements set forth in Chapter XVI of Title 13 of this Code.
9-372. — Operator's permit required.
It shall be unlawful for any person to operate, or to permit any person to operate, a
group home on any property located within the R21VID, R21 -11D, R3, PDRLD, PDRMD
and/or PDRHD zone, without a valid permit issued for that group home pursuant to the
provisions of this article.
9-373. — Exceptions.
The requirements of this article shall not apply to:
(a) A group home that has six (6) or fewer occupants, not counting a house
manager, and that is in compliance with the applicable provisions of Chapters
XV and XVI of Title 13 of this code;
(b) A state licensed alcoholism or drug abuse recovery or treatment facility, or
(c) A state licensed residential care facility.
9-374. Requirements for issuance of operator's permit.
(a) The owner/operator shall submit an application to the director that provides the
following information:
(1) the name, address, phone number and driver's license number of the
owner/operator;
(2) the name, address, phone number and driver's license number of the
house manager;
(3) a copy of the group home rules and regulations;
(4) written intake procedures;
(5) the relapse policy;
(6) an affirmation by the owner/operator that only residents (other than the
house manager) who are handicapped as defined by state and federal law
shall reside at the group home;
(7) blank copies of all forms that all residents and potential residents are
required to complete; and
(8) a fee for the cost of processing of the application as set by resolution of the
city council.
(b) Requirements for operation of group homes.
(1) The group home has a house manager who resides at the group home or
any multiple of persons acting as a house manager who are present at
Ordinance No. 15-13 Page 5 of 10
the group home on a twenty -four-hour basis and who are responsible for
the day-to-day operation of the group home.
(2) All garage and driveway spaces associated with the dwelling unit shall, at
all times, be available for the parking of vehicles. Residents and the
house manager may each only store or park a single vehicle at the
dwelling unit or on any street within five hundred (500) feet of the dwelling
unit. The vehicle must be operable and currently used as a primary form
of transportation for a resident of the group home.
(3) Occupants must not require and operators must not provide "care and
supervision" as those terms are defined by Health and Safety Code
Section 1503.5 and Section 80001(c)(3) of title 22, California Code of
Regulations.
(4) Integral group home facilities are not permitted. Applicants shall declare,
under penalty of perjury, that the group home does not operate as an
integral use/facility.
(5) If the group home operator is not the property owner, written approval
from the property owner to operate a group home at the property.
(6) Upon eviction from or involuntary termination of residency in a group
home, the operator of the group home shall make available to the
occupant transportation to the address listed on the occupant's driver
license, state issued identification card, or the permanent address
identified in the occupant's application or referral to the group home. The
group home operator may not satisfy this obligation by providing
remuneration to the occupant for the cost of transportation.
(7) The property must be fully in compliance with all building codes, municipal
code and zoning.
(8) In addition to the regulations outlined above, the following shall also apply
to sober living homes:
i. All occupants, other than the house manager, must be actively
participating in legitimate recovery programs, including, but not limited
to, Alcoholics Anonymous or Narcotics Anonymous and the sober living
home must maintain current records of meeting attendance. Under the
sober living home's rules and regulations, refusal to actively participate
in such a program shall be cause for eviction.
ii. The sober living home's rules and regulations must prohibit the use of
any alcohol or any non-prescription drugs at the sober living home or by
any recovering addict either on or off site. The sober living home must
also have a written policy regarding the possession, use and storage of
prescription medications. The facility cannot dispense medications but
must make them available to the residents. The possession or use of
prescription medications is prohibited except for the person to whom
they are prescribed, and in the amounts/dosages prescribed. These
rules and regulations shall be posted on site in a common area inside
the dwelling unit. Any violation of this rule must be cause for eviction
under the sober living home's rules for residency and the violator cannot
Ordinance No. 15-13 Page 6 of 10
be re -admitted for at least ninety (90) days. Any second violation of this
rule shall result in permanent eviction. Alternatively, the sober living
home must have provisions in place to remove the violator from contact
with the other residents until the violation is resolved.
iii. The number of occupants subject to the sex offender registration
requirements of Penal Code Section 290 does not exceed the limit set
forth in Penal Code Section 3003.5 and does not violate the distance
provisions set forth in Penal Code Section 3003.
iv. The sober living home shall have a written visitation policy that shall
preclude any visitors who are under the influence of any drug or alcohol.
v. The sober living home shall have a good neighbor policy that shall direct
occupants to be considerate of neighbors, including refraining from
engaging in excessively loud, profane or obnoxious behavior that would
unduly interfere with a neighbor's use and enjoyment of their dwelling
unit. The good neighbor policy shall establish a written protocol for the
house manager/operator to follow when a neighbor complaint is
received.
vi. The sober living home shall not provide any of the following services as
they are defined by Section 10501(a)(6) of Title 9, California Code of
Regulations: detoxification; educational counseling; individual or group
counseling sessions; and treatment or recovery planning.
(c) An applicant may seek relief from the strict application of this section by
submitting an application to the director setting forth specific reasons as to why
accommodation over and above this section is necessary under state and
federal laws, pursuant to Article 15 of Chapter IX of Title 13 of this Code.
(d) The operator's permit shall be issued by the director if the applicant is in
compliance, or, where applicable, has agreed to comply, with the requirements
of subsections (a) and (b) above.
(e) In addition to denying an application for failing to comply, or failing to agree to
comply, with subsections (a) and/or (b), an application shall be denied by the
director under any of the following circumstances:
(1) Any owner/operator or staff person has provided materially false or
misleading information on the application or omitted any pertinent
information.
(2) Any owner/operator or staff person has an employment history in which he
or she was terminated during the past two (2) years because of physical
assault, sexual harassment, embezzlement or theft; falsifying a drug test;
and selling or furnishing illegal drugs or alcohol,
(3) Any owner/operator or staff person has been convicted of or pleaded nolo
contendere, within the last seven (7) to ten (10) years, to any of the following
offenses:
Any sex offense for which the person is required to register as a sex
offender under California Penal Code Section 290 (last ten (10) years);
Ordinance No. 15-13 Page 7 of 10
ii. Arson offenses—Violations of Penal Code Sections 451-455 (last
seven (7) years); or
iii. Violent felonies, as defined in Penal Code Section 667.5, which involve
doing bodily harm to another person (last ten (10) years).
iv. The unlawful sale or furnishing of any controlled substances (last seven
(7) years).
(4) Any owner/operator or staff person is on parole or formal probation
supervision on the date of the submittal of the application or at any time
thereafter.
(5) The owner/operator accepts residents, other than a house manager, who
are not disabled or handicapped as defined by the FHAA and FEHA.
(6) An operator's permit for a sober living home shall also be denied, and if
already issued shall be revoked upon a hearing by the director, under any of
the following additional circumstances:
i. The owner/operator of a sober living home fails to immediately take
measures to remove any resident who uses alcohol or illegally uses
prescription or non-prescription drugs, or who is not actively
participating in a legitimate recovery program from contact with all other
sober residents.
ii. For any other significant and/or repeated violations of this section and/or
any other applicable laws and/or regulations.
9-375. – Transfer of operator's permit.
(a) An operator's permit shall not be valid for a location other than the property for
which it is issued, unless and until the transfer of the permit is approved by the
director pursuant to the requirements of section 9-374.
(b) An operator's permit may not be transferred to any other person or entity. No
operator's permit issued pursuant to this article shall be transferred or assigned
or authorize any person or entity other than the person or entity named in the
permit to operate the group home named therein.
9-376. - Revocation of operator's permit.
An operator's permit may be revoked upon a hearing by the director pursuant to section
9-120 for failing to comply with the terms of the permit and/or for failing to comply with
the applicable provisions of section 9-374.
9-377. – Reapplication after denial or revocation.
(a) An applicant for an operator's permit whose application for such an operator's
permit has been denied may not reapply for such an operator's permit for a period
of six (6) months from the date such notice of denial was issued.
Ordinance No. 15-13 Page 8 of 10
(b) A holder of an operator's permit
invalidated may not reapply for an
(6) months from the date that such
final.
9-378. — Compliance.
that has been cancelled, revoked or otherwise
operator's or a user's permit for a period of six
revocation, cancellation or invalidation became
A group home that is subject to the provisions of this article that is in existence as of the
effective date of this ordinance shall have 120 days to comply with the provisions of this
article.
Section 2: Inconsistencies. Any provision of the Costa Mesa Municipal Code or
appendices thereto inconsistent with the provisions of this Ordinance, to the extent of
such inconsistencies and no further, is hereby repealed or modified to that extent
necessary to affect the provisions of this Ordinance.
Section 3: Severability. If any chapter, article, section, subsection, subdivision,
sentence, clause, phrase, word, or portion of this Ordinance, or the application thereof to
any person, is for any reason held to be invalid or unconstitutional by the decision of any
court of competent jurisdiction, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining
portion of this Ordinance or its application to other persons. The City Council hereby
declares that it would have adopted this Ordinance and each chapter, article, section,
subsection, subdivision, sentence, clause, phrase, word, or portion thereof, irrespective
of the fact that any one or more subsections, subdivisions, sentences, clauses, phrases,
or portions of the application thereof to any person, be declared invalid or unconstitutional.
No portion of this Ordinance shall supersede any local, state, or federal law, regulation,
or codes dealing with life safety factors.
Section 4: This Ordinance shall take effect and be in full force thirty (30) days from and
after the passage thereof, and prior to the expiration of fifteen (15) days from its passage
shall be published once in the DAILY PILOT, a newspaper of general circulation, printed
and published in the City of Costa Mesa or, in the alternative, the City Clerk may cause
to be published a summary of this Ordinance and a certified copy of the text of this
Ordinance shall be posted in the office of the City Clerk five (5) days prior to the date of
adoption of this Ordinance, and within fifteen (15) days after adoption, the City Clerk shall
cause to be published the aforementioned summary and shall post in the office of the City
Clerk a certified copy of this Ordinance together with the names and member of the City
Council voting for and against the same.
PASSED AND AIWPTI�p this 17th day of November, 2015.
Stephen M. Mtlf%liriger, Mayor
Ordinance No. 15-13 Page 9 of 10
APPROVED AS TO FORM:
/I � "�/,
Thomas Duarte, City Attorney
ATTEST:
DM �I
Brenda Gree
0
STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF ORANGE ) ss
CITY OF COSTA MESA )
I, BRENDA GREEN, City Clerk and ex -officio Clerk of the City Council of the City
of Costa Mesa, hereby certify that the above foregoing Ordinance No. 15-13, as
introduced and considered section by section at a regular meeting of said City Council
held on the 3rd day of November, 2015, and thereafter passed and adopted as a whole at
the regular meeting of said City Council held on the 17th day of November, 2015, by the
following roll call vote:
AYES: COUNCIL MEMBERS: FOLEY, GENIS, MONAHAN, RIGHEIMER,
MENSINGER
NOES: COUNCIL MEMBERS: NONE
ABSENT: COUNCIL MEMBERS: NONE
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereby set my hand and affixed the Seal of the
City of Costa Mesa this 18th day of November, 2015.
Brenda Green, ty Clerk
Ordinance No. 15-13 Page 10 of 10