HomeMy WebLinkAbout15 - PH-2 - Attachment B - 6/3/2014ATTACHMENT B
General Law City v. Charter City
Bi
Ability to Govern
Bound by the state's general law, regardless
Has supreme authority over "municipal
Municipal Affairs
of whether the subject concerns a municipal
affairs," Cal. Const. art. X1, § 6(b).
affair.
Form of Government
State law describes the city's form of
Charter can provide for any form of
government For example, Government
government including the "strong mayor,"
Code section 36501 authorizes general law
and "city manager" forms, See Cal, Const.
cities be governed by a city council of five
art. XI, § 5(b); Cal. Gov't Code § $4450 at
members, a city clerk, a city treasurer, a
seq.
police chief, a fire chief and any subordinate
officers or employees as required by law.
City electors may adopt ordinance which
provides for a different number of council
members. Cal. Gov't section 34871. The
Government Code also authorizes the "city
manager" form of government, Cal. Gov't
Code § 34851.
Elections Generally
Municipal elections conducted in accordance
Not bound by the California Elections Code.
with the California Elections Code. Cal. Elec,
May establish own election dates, rules, and
Code §§ 10101 at seq..
procedures. See Cal. Const. art. X1, § 5(b);
Cal, Elec. Code §§ 10101 at seq..
Methods of Elections
Generally holds at -large elections whereby
May establish procedures for selecting
voters vote for any candidate on the ballot.
officers. May hold at -large or district
Cities may also choose to elect the city
elections. Soo Cal. Const, art. XJ, § 5(b).
council "by" or "from" districts, so long as the
election system has been established by
ordinance and approved by the voters. Cal.
Gov't Code § 34871. Mayor may be elected
by the city council or by vote of the people.
Cal. Gov't Code §§ 34902,
City Council Member
Minimum qualifications are:
Can establish own criteria for city office
Qualifications
provided It does not violate the U.S,
1. United States citizen
Constitution. Cal. Const. art, XI, § 5(b), 82
2. At least IS years old
Cal. Op. Att'y Gen. 6, 8 (1999).
S. Registered voter
4. Resident of the city at least 15 days
prior to the election and throughout
his or her term
6. If elected by or from a district, be a
resident of the geographical area
comprising the district from which he
or she Is elected,
Col. Elec. Code § 321; Cal. Gov't Code
34882, 36502; 87 Cal, Op. Att'y Gen, 30
(2004),
1.
ilk' h
Public Funds fnr Candidate
No publ(c officer shall expend and no
Public financing of election campaigns is
in Municipal Elections
candidate shall accept public money for the
lawful. Johnson v. Bradley, 4 Cal, 4th 389
purpose of seeking elected office. Cal. Gov't
(1992),
Code § 85300.
Term Limits
May provide for term limits. Cal. Gov't Code
May provide for term limits. Cal. Const, art,
§ 36502(b),
XI, § 5(b); Cal Gov't Code Section 36502 (b),
Vacancies and Termination
An office becomes vacant in several
May establish criteria for vacating and
of Office
instances including death, resignation,
terminating city offices so long as it does not
removal for failure to perform official duties,
violate the state and federal constitutions,
electorate irregularities, absence from
Cal. Const. art. XI, § 5(b).
meetings without permission, and upon non-
residency. Cal. Gov't Code §§ 1770, 36502,
36513.
Council Member
Salary -ceiling is set by city population and
May establish council members' salaries.
Compensation and
salary Increases set by state law except for
See Cal, Const. art. XI, § 5(b). If a city
Expense Reimbursement
compensation established by city electors,
provides any type of compensation or
See Cal, Gov't Code § 36516, If a city
payment of expenses to council members,
provides any type of compensation or
then all council members are required to
payment of expenses to councll members,
have two hours of ethics training. See Cal,
then all council members are required to
Gov't Code §§ 53234 - 53235.
have two hours of ethics training. See Cal,
Gov't Code §§ 53234 - 53235.
Legislative Authority
Ordinances may not be passed within five
May establish procedures for enacting local
days of introduction unless they are urgency
ordinances. Brougher v. Bd. of Public Works,
ordinances. Cal. Gov't Code § 36934.
205 Cal. 426 (1928).
Ordinances may only be passed at a regular
meeting, and must be read in full at time of
introduction and passage except when, after
reading the title, further reading is waived.
Cal. Gov't Code § 36934.
Resolutions
May establish rules regarding the
May establish procedures for adopting,
procedures for adopting, amending or
amending or repealing resolutions. Brougher
repealing resolutions.
v. Ed. of Public Works, 205 Cal. 426 (1928),
Quorum and Voting
A majority of the city council constitutes a
May establish own procedures and quorum
Requirements
quorum for transaction of business. Cal.
requirements. However, certain legislation
Gov't Code § 36810.
requiring supermajority votes Is applicable to
charter cities, For example, see California
All ordinances, resolutions, and orders for
Code of Civil Procedure section 1245.240
the
payment of money require a recorded requiring
a vote of two-thirds of all the
majority vote of the total membership of the
members of the governing body unless a
city
council. Cal. Gov't Code § 36936. greater
vote is required by charter.
Specific
legislation requires supermajority
votes
for certain actions.
Rules Governing Ralph Brown Act is applicable. Cal. Gov't Ralph Brown Act is applicable, Cal. Gov't
Procedure and Decorum Code §§ 54951, 54953(a). I Code §§ 54951, 54953(@).
Personnel Matters
Contracting Services
Conflict of interest laws are applicable. See
Cal, Gov't Code § 87300 of seq..
May establish standards, requirements and
procedures for hiring personnel consistent
with Government Code requirements.
May have "civil service" system, which
Includes comprehensive procedures for
recruitment, hiring, testing and promotion.
See Cal. Gov't Code § 45000 at seq.
Meyers-Milias-Brawn Act applies. Cal. Gov't
Code § 3500.
Cannot require employees be residents of
the city, but can require them to reside within
a reasonable and specific distance of their
place of employment. Cal. Const. art. XI, §
10(b).
Authority to enter into contracts to carry out
necessary functions, Including those
expressly granted and those Implied by
necessity. See Cal, Gov't Code § 37103;
Carruth v. City of Madera, 233 Cal. App, 2d
688 (1985).
Conflict of interest laws ere applicable. See
Cal, Gov't Code § 87300 at seq..
May provide provisions related to ethics,
conflicts, campaign financing and
Incompatibility of office,
May establish standards, requirements, and
procedures, including compensation, terms
and conditions of employment for personnel,
Seo Cal. Const art, XI, § 5(b),
Procedures set forth in Meyers-Milias-Brown
Act (Cal. Gov't Code § 3500) apply, but note,
"[T]here is a clear distinction between the
substance of a public employee labor issue
and the procedure by which it is resolved.
Thus there is no question that'salaries of
local employees of a charter city constitute
municipal affairs and are not subject to
general laws."' Voters forRosponsible
Retirement v. Board of Supervisors, 8
Cal.4th 765, 781 (1994).
Cannot require employees be residents of
the city, but can require them to reside within
a reasonable and specific distance of their
place of employment. Cal. Const. art. XI,
section 10(b).
Full authority to contract consistent with
charter.
May transfer some of Its functions to the
county Including tax collection, assessment
collection and sale of property for non-
payment of taxes and assessments, Cal.
Gov't Code §§ 51330, 51334, 51335,
Public Contracts
Payment of Prevailing
Wages
Competitive bidding required for public works
contracts over $5,000. Cal. Pub. Cont. Code
§ 20162. Such contracts must be awarded to
the lowest responsible bidder. Pub, Cont
Code § 20162. If city elects subject itself to
uniform construction accounting procedures,
less formal procedures may be available for
contracts less than $100,000, See Cal. Pub,
Cont. Code §§ 22000, 22032,
Contracts for professional services such as
private architectural, landscape architectural,
engineering, environmental, land surveying,
or construction management firms need not
be competitively bid, but must be awarded on
basis of demonstrated competence and
professional qualifications necessary for the
satisfactory performance of services. Cal.
Gov't Code § 4526,
In general, prevailing wages must be paid on
public works projects over $1,000. Cal. Lab,
Code § 1771, Higher thresholds apply
($15,000 or $25,000) if the public entity has
adopted a special labor compliance program.
See Cal. Labor Code § 1771,6(a) -(c),
Not required to comply with bidding statutes
provided the city charter or a city ordinance
exempts the city from such statutes, and the
subject matter of the bid constitutes a
municipal affair. Pub. Cont. Code § 1100.7;
see R & A Vending Services, Inc. v. City of
Los Angeles, 172 Cal, Al 3d 1188 (1985);
Howard Contracting, Inc. v. G.A. MacDonald
Constr. Co„ 71 Cal. App. 4th 38 (1898).
There Is currently a conflict of law as to
whether prevailing wages is a municipal
affair. In State Bldg & Const Trades
Council of CA v. City of Vista, the California
Supreme Court determined that the
payment of prevailing wages was a
municipal affair. in response, the California
Legislature enacted 5137, which removed
funding for public projects to charter cities
that did not pay prevailing wages. The
constitutionality of S8 7 is currently being
challenged.
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Finance and Taxing Power
May Impose the same kinds of taxes and
Have the power to tax.
assessment as charter cities. Sae Cal. Gov't
Code § 37100,5,
Have broader assessment powers than a
general law city, as well as taxation power as
Imposition of taxes and assessments subject
determined on a case -by case basis,
to Proposition 218. Cal, Const. art,XIIIC.
Imposition of taxes and assessments subject
Examples of common forms used in
to Proposition 218, Cal. Const, art. XIIIC, §
assessment district financing Include:
2, and own charter limitations
• Improvement Act of 1911. Cal. Sts,
May proceed under a general assessment
& High. Code § 22500 at seq,,
law, or enact local assessment laws and
then elect to proceed under the local law.
• Municipal Improvement Act of 1913,
See J. IN Jones Companies v, City of San
See Cat. Sts. & High. Code §§
Diego, 157 Cal, App. 3d 745 (1984).
10000 et seq.,
May Impose business license taxes for any
• Improvement Bond Act of 1915. Cal.
purpose unless limited by state or federal
Sts. & High, Code §§ 8500 et seq..
constitutions, or city charter. See Cal. Const.
art, XI, § 5.
• Landscaping and Lighting Act of
1972. Cal. Sts. & High, Code §§
May Impose real property transfer tax; does
22500 at seq,.
not violate either Cal. Const art, XIIIA or
California Government Code section 53725,
• Benefit Assessment Act of 1982.
See Cohn v. City of Oakland, 223 Cal. App.
Cal. Gov't Code §§ 54703 et seq.:
3d 261 (1990); Fielder v, City of Los
Angeles, 14 CaL App. 4th 137 (1993).
May Impose business license taxes for
regulatory purposes, revenue purposes, or
both. See Cal, Gov't Code § 37101,
May not impose real property transfer tax.
See Cal. Const. art, XIIIA, § 4; Cal. Gov't
Code § 53725; but see authority to impose
documentary transfer taxes under certain
circumstances, Cal. Rev. & Tax. Code §
11911(a), (c)•
Streets & Sidewalks
State has preempted entire field of traffic
State has preempted entire field of traffic
control. Cal, Veh, Code § 21.
control. Cal. Veh, Code § 21.
Penalties & Cost Recovery
May impose fines, penalties and forfeitures,
May enact ordinances providing for various
with a fine not exceeding $1,000. Cal. Gov't
penalties so long as such penalties do not
Code § 36901.
exceed any maximum limits set by the
charter. County of Los Angeles v. City of Los
Angeles, 219 Cal. App, 2d 838, 844 (1963),
ffarrr rV
Public Utilities/Franchises May establish, purchase, and operate public
May establish, purchase, and operate public
works to furnish its inhabitants with electric
works to furnish Its Inhabitants with electric
power. See Cal. Const, art. XI, § 9(a); Cal,
power, See Cal. Const, art. XI, § 9(s); Cal.
Gov't Code § 39732; Cal, Pub. Util. Code §
ApartmentAssn v. City of Stockton, 80 CaL
10002.
App, 4th 699 (2000).
May grant franchises to persons or
May establish conditions and regulations on
corporations seeking to furnish light, water,
the granting of franchises to use city streets
power, heat, transportation or
to persons or corporations seeking to furnish
communicatlon services In the city to allow
light, water, power, heat, transportation or
use of city streets for such purposes. The
communication services In the city.
grant of franchises can be done through a
bidding process, under the Broughton Act,
Franchise Act of 1937 is not applicable If
Cal. Pub, Util, Code §§ 6001 -6092, or
charter provides, Cal, Pub, Util, Code
without a bidding process under the
6205,
Franchise Act of 1937, Cal. Pub. Util, Code
6201-6302.
Zoning Zoning ordinances must be consistent with
ordinances
Zoning ordinances are not required to be
=general plan. Cal. Gov't Code § 65861
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consistent t nt with general
consistent with general plan unless the city
unless thecity
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opt
h d consistency
has adopted a consistency requirement by
e ul re a t
y requirement
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charter or ordinance.
r
harter or ordinance., Cal. Gov't, Code
ce 1. Gov't. 00
5803.
65803.